#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n,i,first,second,third;
for(;;)
{
cin>>n;
first=0;
second=1;
for(i=0;i<=n-2;i++)
{
third=first+second;
first=second;
second=third;
}
cout<<"The Fibonacci number for "<<n<<" is "<<third<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
Category Number Theory
Is n a prime no. !
Normally with O(n) time:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int a,b=0,i;
printf("Input your desired number:\n");
scanf("%d", &a);
for(i=2; i<a; i++)
{
if(a%i==0)
{
b=1;
break;
}
}
if(b==1)
{
printf("The number is not prime!\n");
}
else
{
printf("The number is prime!!\n");
}
return 0;
}
With more efficient O(root n) time:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a,b=0,i;
cout<<"Input your desired number:"<<endl;
cin>>a;
for(i=2; i*i<=a; i++)
{
if(a%i==0)
{
b=1;
break;
}
}
if(b==1)
{
cout<<"The number is not prime!"<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"The number is prime!!"<<endl;
}
return 0;
}
The most efficient- Sieve:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define pf printf
#define sf(a) scanf("%d",&a)
#define sfl(a) scanf("%lld",&a)
#define sff(a,b) scanf("%d %d",&a,&b)
#define sffl(a,b) scanf("%lld %lld",&a,&b)
#define sfff(a,b,c) scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c)
#define sfffl(a,b,c) scanf("%lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c)
#define sffff(a,b,c,d) scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sffffl(a,b,c,d) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sfffff(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%d %d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define sfffffl(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define sfc(a) scanf("%c",&a)
#define ms(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define pb(a) push_back(a)
#define pbp(a,b) push_back({a,b})
#define db double
#define ft float
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define sz(x) x.size()
#define qu queue
#define pqu priority_queue
#define vc vector
#define vi vector<int>
#define vll vector<long long>
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pis pair<int,string>
#define psi pair<string,int>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define CIN ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0)
#define max3(a, b, c) max(a, b) > max(b, c) ? max(a, b) : max(b, c)
#define min3(a, b, c) min(a, b) < min(b, c) ? min(a, b) : min(b, c)
#define loop0(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define loop1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define loopab(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;i++)
#define REV(i,n) for(i=n; i>=0; i--)
#define stlloop(x) for(__typeof(x.begin()) it=x.begin();it!=x.end();it++)
#define gcd(a, b) __gcd(a, b)
#define lcm(a, b) ((a)*((b)/gcd(a,b)))
#define case1(z) cout<<"Case "<<z<<": "
#define case2(z) printf("Case %d: ",z)
#define PI 3.14159265358979323846264338328
#define valid(tx,ty) tx>=0 && tx<r && ty>=0 && ty<c
#define intlim 2147483648
#define MAX 10000007
#define inf 100000008
/*------------------------------Graph Moves----------------------------*/
//const int fx[]={+1,-1,+0,+0};
//const int fy[]={+0,+0,+1,-1};
//const int fx[]={+0,+0,+1,-1,-1,+1,-1,+1}; // Kings Move
//const int fy[]={-1,+1,+0,+0,+1,+1,-1,-1}; // Kings Move
//const int fx[]={-2, -2, -1, -1, 1, 1, 2, 2}; // Knights Move
//const int fy[]={-1, 1, -2, 2, -2, 2, -1, 1}; // Knights Move
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
using namespace std;
bool p[MAX+2];
vector<int>prime;
void sieve()
{
ms(p,0);
p[0]=p[1]=1;
int root=sqrt(MAX);
for(int i=2; i<=root; i++)
{
if(p[i]==0)
{
prime.pb(i);
for(int j=i*i; j<=MAX; j+=i)
{
p[j]=1;
if(i%2==1) j+=i;
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
//freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
sieve();
int n;
cin>>n;
ms(p,0);
if(p[n]==0) pf("It is a prime number.\n");
else pf("It is not a prime number.\n");
return 0;
}
2. No. of maximum possible pairs
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define pf printf
#define sf(a) scanf("%d",&a)
#define sfl(a) scanf("%lld",&a)
#define sff(a,b) scanf("%d %d",&a,&b)
#define sffl(a,b) scanf("%lld %lld",&a,&b)
#define sfff(a,b,c) scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c)
#define sfffl(a,b,c) scanf("%lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c)
#define sffff(a,b,c,d) scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sffffl(a,b,c,d) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sfffff(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%d %d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define sfffffl(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define ms(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define pb(a) push_back(a)
#define pbp(a,b) push_back({a,b})
#define db double
#define ft float
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define sz(x) x.size()
#define qu queue
#define pqu priority_queue
#define vc vector
#define vi vector<int>
#define vll vector<long long>
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pis pair<int,string>
#define psi pair<string,int>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define CIN ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0)
#define max3(a, b, c) max(a, b) > max(b, c) ? max(a, b) : max(b, c)
#define min3(a, b, c) min(a, b) < min(b, c) ? min(a, b) : min(b, c)
#define loop0(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define loop1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define loopab(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;i++)
#define stlloop(x) for(__typeof(x.begin()) it=x.begin();it!=x.end();it++)
#define gcd(a, b) __gcd(a, b)
#define lcm(a, b) ((a)*((b)/gcd(a,b)))
#define case1(z) cout<<"Case "<<z<<": "
#define case2(z) printf("Case %d: ",z)
#define PI 3.14159265358979323846264338328
#define valid(tx,ty) tx>=0 && tx<r && ty>=0 && ty<c
#define intlim 2147483648
#define MAX 1000000
#define inf 10000000
/*------------------------------Graph Moves----------------------------*/
//const int fx[]={+1,-1,+0,+0};
//const int fy[]={+0,+0,+1,-1};
//const int fx[]={+0,+0,+1,-1,-1,+1,-1,+1}; // Kings Move
//const int fy[]={-1,+1,+0,+0,+1,+1,-1,-1}; // Kings Move
//const int fx[]={-2, -2, -1, -1, 1, 1, 2, 2}; // Knights Move
//const int fy[]={-1, 1, -2, 2, -2, 2, -1, 1}; // Knights Move
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
using namespace std;
bool p[MAX+2];
vector<int> prime;
void sieve()
{
p[0]=p[1]=1;
int root=sqrt(MAX);
for(int i=2; i<=root; i++)
{
if(p[i]==0)
{
prime.pb(i);
for(int j=i*i; j<=MAX; j+=i)
{
p[j]=1;
if(i%2!=0) j+=i;
}
}
}
}
int gold(int n)
{
if(n==4) return 1;
int pairs=0;
for(int i=1; prime[i]<=n/2; i++)
{
int a=n-prime[i];
if(p[a]==0)
{
pairs++;
}
}
return pairs;
}
int main()
{
//CIN;
// freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
// freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
sieve();
int n;
while(sf(n)==1 && n!=0)
{
if(n<4 || n%2==1)
{
pf("Invalid input\n");
continue;
}
pf("No. of possible pairs is %d\n",gold(n));
}
return 0;
}
1. Print the lexicographically smallest pair( pair with maximum difference)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define pf printf
#define sf(a) scanf("%d",&a)
#define sfl(a) scanf("%lld",&a)
#define sff(a,b) scanf("%d %d",&a,&b)
#define sffl(a,b) scanf("%lld %lld",&a,&b)
#define sfff(a,b,c) scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c)
#define sfffl(a,b,c) scanf("%lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c)
#define sffff(a,b,c,d) scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sffffl(a,b,c,d) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sfffff(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%d %d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define sfffffl(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define ms(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define pb(a) push_back(a)
#define pbp(a,b) push_back({a,b})
#define db double
#define ft float
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define sz(x) x.size()
#define qu queue
#define pqu priority_queue
#define vc vector
#define vi vector<int>
#define vll vector<long long>
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pis pair<int,string>
#define psi pair<string,int>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define CIN ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0)
#define max3(a, b, c) max(a, b) > max(b, c) ? max(a, b) : max(b, c)
#define min3(a, b, c) min(a, b) < min(b, c) ? min(a, b) : min(b, c)
#define loop0(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define loop1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define loopab(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;i++)
#define stlloop(x) for(__typeof(x.begin()) it=x.begin();it!=x.end();it++)
#define gcd(a, b) __gcd(a, b)
#define lcm(a, b) ((a)*((b)/gcd(a,b)))
#define case1(z) cout<<"Case "<<z<<": "
#define case2(z) printf("Case %d: ",z)
#define PI 3.14159265358979323846264338328
#define valid(tx,ty) tx>=0 && tx<r && ty>=0 && ty<c
#define intlim 2147483648
#define MAX 1000000
#define inf 10000000
/*------------------------------Graph Moves----------------------------*/
//const int fx[]={+1,-1,+0,+0};
//const int fy[]={+0,+0,+1,-1};
//const int fx[]={+0,+0,+1,-1,-1,+1,-1,+1}; // Kings Move
//const int fy[]={-1,+1,+0,+0,+1,+1,-1,-1}; // Kings Move
//const int fx[]={-2, -2, -1, -1, 1, 1, 2, 2}; // Knights Move
//const int fy[]={-1, 1, -2, 2, -2, 2, -1, 1}; // Knights Move
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
using namespace std;
bool p[MAX+2];
vector<int> prime;
void sieve()
{
p[0]=p[1]=1;
int root=sqrt(MAX);
for(int i=2; i<=root; i++)
{
if(p[i]==0)
{
prime.pb(i);
for(int j=i*i; j<=MAX; j+=i)
{
p[j]=1;
if(i%2!=0) j+=i;
}
}
}
}
void gold(int n) //prints the lexicographically smallest odd pair for any even number greater than 4.
{
for(int i=1; prime[i]<=n/2; i++)
{
int a=n-prime[i];
if(p[a]==0)
{
pf("%d+%d\n",prime[i],a);
break;
}
}
}
int main()
{
//CIN;
// freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
// freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
sieve();
int n;
while(sf(n)==1 && n!=0)
{
pf("%d =",n);
if(n<4 || n%2==1)
{
pf("Invalid input\n");
continue;
}
if(n==4)
{
pf(" 2 2\n");
continue;
}
gold(n);
}
return 0;
}
3. The numbers which are divisible by only one prime number
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define pf printf
#define sf(a) scanf("%d",&a)
#define sfl(a) scanf("%lld",&a)
#define sff(a,b) scanf("%d %d",&a,&b)
#define sffl(a,b) scanf("%lld %lld",&a,&b)
#define sfff(a,b,c) scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c)
#define sfffl(a,b,c) scanf("%lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c)
#define sffff(a,b,c,d) scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sffffl(a,b,c,d) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d)
#define sfffff(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%d %d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define sfffffl(a,b,c,d,e) scanf("%lld %lld %lld %lld %lld",&a,&b,&c,&d,&e)
#define ms(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define pb(a) push_back(a)
#define pbp(a,b) push_back({a,b})
#define db double
#define ft float
#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define sz(x) x.size()
#define qu queue
#define pqu priority_queue
#define vc vector
#define vi vector<int>
#define vll vector<long long>
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pis pair<int,string>
#define psi pair<string,int>
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define CIN ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0)
#define max3(a, b, c) max(a, b) > max(b, c) ? max(a, b) : max(b, c)
#define min3(a, b, c) min(a, b) < min(b, c) ? min(a, b) : min(b, c)
#define loop0(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define loop1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define loopab(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;i++)
#define stlloop(x) for(__typeof(x.begin()) it=x.begin();it!=x.end();it++)
#define gcd(a, b) __gcd(a, b)
#define lcm(a, b) ((a)*((b)/gcd(a,b)))
#define case1(z) cout<<"Case "<<z<<": "
#define case2(z) printf("Case %d: ",z)
#define PI 3.14159265358979323846264338328
#define valid(tx,ty) tx>=0 && tx<r && ty>=0 && ty<c
#define intlim 2147483648
#define MAX 1000002
#define inf 10000000
/*------------------------------Graph Moves----------------------------*/
//const int fx[]={+1,-1,+0,+0};
//const int fy[]={+0,+0,+1,-1};
//const int fx[]={+0,+0,+1,-1,-1,+1,-1,+1}; // Kings Move
//const int fy[]={-1,+1,+0,+0,+1,+1,-1,-1}; // Kings Move
//const int fx[]={-2, -2, -1, -1, 1, 1, 2, 2}; // Knights Move
//const int fy[]={-1, 1, -2, 2, -2, 2, -1, 1}; // Knights Move
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
using namespace std;
bool p[MAX+2];
vector<ll> prime;
vector<ll> ans;
void sieve()
{
p[0]=p[1]=1;
ll root=sqrt(MAX);
for(ll i=2; i<=root; i++)
{
if(p[i]==0)
{
prime.pb(i);
for(ll j=i*i; j<=MAX; j+=i)
{
p[j]=1;
if(i%2==1) j+=i;
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
//CIN;
// freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
// freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
sieve();
for(ll i=0;i<sz(prime);i++)
{
for(ll j=prime[i]*prime[i];j<=1000000000001;j*=prime[i])
{
ans.pb(j); //prime gulor power dhukano hocche coz prime gulor j kono power ee oi prime chara r onno kono prime die divisible na.
}
}
sort(all(ans));
cout<<"The numbers are: "<<endl;
loop0(i,sz(ans))
{
cout<<ans[i]<<",";
}
return 0;
}
Fall out, Codes! 